Fill Arrows are shown on filled objects and are used to edit the fills. The ends of the arrows can be clicked and dragged to move the fill. Some Fill Arrows have fill handles on the ends which allow colors to be applied to the fill. For most fill types you can drop colors onto the Fill arrow to create multi-stage fills.
If you don't want to see fill arrows when dragging (interactive dragging), press TAB when in the Fill Tool or Transparency Tool.
For more information on Fill arrows, see Changing fills.